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Our croque madame is one of the finest breakfast sandwiches you will ever have! It's a French classic and is made with French bread, Black Forest ham and a crazy delicious cheese sauce. You can make the sauce ahead then the sandwich itself comes together in a snap. Perfect for brunch or anytime you want to take breakfast to the next level!
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Croque madame on a grey plate with a gold knife.

Who doesn’t love a hearty breakfast sandwich? I know I do, and this beautiful croque madame is one of the best.

You may have heard of the croque monsieur, a hearty French sandwich made with Gruyère cheese, ham and Béchamel sauce. As its name suggests, it was created as a sandwich for the gents. I suspect that someone decided that we needed a version for the ladies. Hence the croque madame was born. You will recognize her by the fried or poached egg on top, which is said to resemble a ladies’ hat. This is her distinguishing feature! As such, I think it’s the perfect sandwich for breakfast or brunch!

We have an entire post dedicated to the croque madame sauce that we are using in this recipe. You can check it out if you would like more information.

What You’ll Love About This Recipe


  • A Complete Meal in One. With a balance of protein, carbohydrates, and fats, the Croque Madame is a complete and satisfying meal in a single sandwich.
  • Customizable Toppings. The toppings, including the Dijon mustard, Black Forest ham, and shredded Swiss cheese, can be customized to suit personal preferences. Add more or less of each ingredient for a tailored experience.
  • Great for Entertaining. Impress guests with this visually appealing and delectable dish. It’s a great option for brunch gatherings or when you want to serve something special.
  • Decadent and Comforting. The Croque Madame is the epitome of comfort food, featuring layers of bread, ham, cheese, and a luscious sauce. It’s a decadent treat that satisfies both savory and indulgent cravings.

Ingredients

For the Sauce

Be sure to check out our post dedicated to this croque madame sauce for more information and tips for making it.

Croque madame sauce ingredients
  • Unsalted butter (2 tablespoons). Adds flavor and helps to thicken the sauce. You can also use salted butter. If you do, you won’t need to add as much salt later.
  • All-purpose flour (2 tablespoons). This is used to thicken the sauce.
  • Warmed milk (1 cup). Be sure to warm the milk first. Warmed milk will prevent the butter from cooling down and solidifying. Making sure the milk is warm first will keep the sauce nice and smooth.
  • Shredded Swiss cheese (¾ cup). You can also use Gruyère cheese, but it is more expensive than Swiss and not as readily available. Classic mornay sauce is traditionally made with Gruyère cheese (source). If you decide to try it, you can usually find it in the gourmet section of your grocery store.
  • Dijon mustard (1 teaspoon). Adds flavor and blends very well with the ham and cheese.
  • Salt & pepper to taste. You can add as much or as little as you like. Use freshly grated pepper for the best flavor.

For the Sandwich

Croque madame ingredients
  • French bread or white bread (8 slices). Any firm bread will do.
  • Unsalted butter (2 tablespoons). Unsalted to control the salt content in this recipe.
  • Large eggs (4). Fried and placed on top of our croque madame sandwiches.
  • Salt & pepper. To season the eggs. Adjust to your taste.
  • Dijon mustard (4 teaspoons). Adds flavor.
  • Thinly sliced Black Forest ham (½ lb). We love Black Forest ham in this recipe. Any thinly-sliced ham will do though.
  • Shredded Swiss cheese (¼ cup). Add flavor and texture. We opted for Swiss, instead of the traditional Gruyère, because it’s a little more affordable and readily available. Swiss works well for this recipe.

Instructions

Please see our croque madame sauce post if you would like to see instructions and step-by-step photos for making the sauce. Full instructions for the sauce are also listed below in the recipe card.

Step 1. Preheat the oven to 400°F (204°C). Line a baking sheet with parchment paper.

Four slices of bread on a baking sheet
Arrange the bread slices in a single layer on the prepared baking sheet. Bake, turning once, until toasted on both sides, about 5 minutes per side. Set aside.
Three eggs frying on a griddle
Step 2. Melt the butter in a large skillet or griddle over medium heat. Crack the eggs into the skillet or griddle. Season with salt and pepper, cover, reduce the heat to medium-low, and cook until the whites are set and the yolks are set to your liking, about 3-5 minutes.

Step 3. Preheat the broiler on high.

Spreading mustard on four slices of bread
Spread 4 toast slices with the Dijon mustard, dividing equally.
Placing ham slices on four sandwiches
Add an equal amount of ham.
Spreading croque madame sauce on top of ham on four sandwiches
Add 1 tablespoon of the sauce to each slice.
Spreading sauce on top of three sandwiches
Cover with the remaining toast slices and spread more sauce over the tops of the sandwiches.
Sprinkling Swiss cheese on three sandwiches
Sprinkle each with the Swiss cheese.
Overhead view of 3 croque madame sandwiches on a cookie sheet with a small bowl of mustard and a gold knife
Broil until the cheese is melted and lightly golden, 1-2 minutes. Then, top each with a fried egg and serve.

Click here to learn how to make this croque madame in a visual story.


Tips for Success


  • Quality Ingredients. Use high-quality ingredients, especially when it comes to Swiss cheese, Black Forest ham, and the bread. Fresh and flavorful components will enhance the overall flavor of the sandwich.
  • Freshly Grated Cheese. Grate the Swiss cheese fresh for the sauce. Pre-packaged shredded cheese often contains anti-caking agents that can affect the texture of the sauce.
  • Even Cheese Distribution. Ensure an even distribution of cheese in the sauce by adding it gradually and stirring continuously. This helps create a smooth and velvety consistency.
  • Warm Milk Gradually. When incorporating warm milk into the sauce, add it gradually and whisk continuously to avoid lumps. This helps achieve a silky-smooth texture.
  • Thinly Sliced Ham. Choose thinly sliced Black Forest ham for a delicate texture. If the ham slices are too thick, it may overwhelm the other flavors in the sandwich.
  • Serve Immediately. The Croque Madame is best enjoyed fresh. Serve it immediately to savor the gooey cheese, crispy bread, and the runny yolk of the egg.

Storage Instructions

The Croque Madame is best enjoyed fresh, but if you have leftovers or need to prep certain components in advance, here are some storage instructions:

  • Sauce. Store any leftover Swiss cheese sauce in an airtight container in the refrigerator. Make sure to cover the surface with plastic wrap to prevent a skin from forming. Consume within 1-2 days for the best quality.
  • Ham. If you have sliced Black Forest ham left, store it in an airtight container in the refrigerator. It’s best to use it within 2-3 days for optimal freshness.
  • Assembled Sandwiches. If you’ve already assembled the sandwiches but have leftovers, store them in an airtight container or wrap them individually in plastic wrap. Refrigerate and consume within 1-2 days. Note that the texture of the bread may change slightly when refrigerated.
  • Eggs. Cooked eggs are best enjoyed fresh, and their texture changes when refrigerated. If you have leftover fried eggs, store them separately in an airtight container. Reheat gently on the stove or in the microwave, but note that the yolk may no longer be runny after reheating.
  • Bread. If you’ve toasted the bread in advance, store it in a cool, dry place in an airtight container to maintain its crispness. Avoid refrigerating toasted bread, as it can become chewy.
  • Reheating. When reheating components, do so gradually to prevent overcooking. Reheat the sauce over low heat, the ham and eggs can be gently reheated in a pan, and the bread can be crisped up in a toaster or oven.

Remember that the quality of the Croque Madame is at its peak when freshly made. If you’re planning to serve these sandwiches for a group, consider preparing the components in advance and assembling them just before serving to maintain optimal texture and flavor.

FAQs

They are basically the same, except a croque madame has a fried or poached egg on top.

It has been said that the egg was added because it resembles a woman’s hat, making it a ladies’ sandwich.

Freezing is not recommended, as the texture of the bread and the sauce may be compromised upon thawing. It’s best enjoyed fresh or stored in the refrigerator for a short period.

Croque Madame pairs well with a simple green salad, mixed greens, or fresh fruit. The lightness of the side dishes complements the richness of the sandwich.

Absolutely! Omit the ham or replace it with sautéed mushrooms or a vegetarian deli meat. Ensure the sauce is vegetarian-friendly by using vegetable broth instead of chicken broth in the roux.

Croque madame with runny egg yolk stacked on a grey plate

More Delicious Sandwiches

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Croque Madame

Our croque madame is one of the finest breakfast sandwiches you will ever have! It's a French classic and is made with French bread, Black Forest ham and a crazy delicious cheese sauce. You can make the sauce ahead then the sandwich itself comes together in a snap. Perfect for brunch or anytime you want to take breakfast to the next level!
Print Recipe Save Rate
Croque madame on a grey plate with a gold knife.
Prep Time:5 minutes
Cook Time:20 minutes
Total Time:25 minutes

Ingredients

Sauce

  • 2 tablespoons unsalted butter
  • 2 tablespoons all-purpose flour
  • 1 cup milk warmed
  • ¾ cup shredded Swiss cheese
  • 1 teaspoon Dijon mustard
  • salt & pepper to taste

Sandwich

  • 8 slices French bread or white bread
  • 2 tablespoons unsalted butter
  • 4 large eggs
  • salt & pepper
  • 4 teaspoons Dijon mustard
  • ½ lb Black Forest ham thinly sliced
  • ¼ cup shredded Swiss cheese

Instructions

Sauce

  • In a small saucepan, melt butter over medium-low heat.
  • Whisk in the flour until smooth. Let bubble without browning, whisking frequently for 1 minute.
  • Gradually whisk in the warm milk, raise the heat to medium, and bring to a gentle boil, whisking frequently.
    Reduce heat to medium-low and simmer, whisking frequently, until thickened, about 5 minutes.
  • Remove from heat and stir in cheese and mustard.
  • Season to taste with salt and pepper.
  • Transfer the sauce to a bowl and cover with a piece of plastic wrap pressed directly onto the surface of the sauce to prevent a skin from forming on the surface. Allow to cool.

Sandwich

  • Preheat the oven to 400°F (204°C). Line a baking sheet with parchment paper.
    Arrange the bread slices in a single layer on the prepared baking sheet. Bake, turning once, until toasted on both sides, about 5 minutes per side. Set aside.
  • Melt the butter in a large skillet or griddle over medium heat. Crack the eggs into the skillet or griddle. Season with salt and pepper, cover, reduce the heat to medium-low, and cook until the whites are set and the yolks are set to your liking, about 3-5 minutes.
  • Preheat the broiler on high.
    Spread 4 toast slices with the Dijon mustard, dividing equally.
    Add an equal amount of ham and 1 tablespoon of the sauce to each slice. Cover with the remaining toast slices.
    Spread more sauce over the tops of the sandwiches and sprinkle each with the Swiss cheese.
    Broil until the cheese is melted and lightly golden, 1-2 minutes.
    Top each with a fried egg and serve.

Notes

Be sure to refrigerate any leftover sauce in an airtight container within two hours of making it. It will keep in the fridge for up to 4 days.
You can also freeze it. It is best stored in a lidded mason jar. Make sure the sauce is completely cool, then fill the jar, leaving 1 inch at the top to allow for expansion. It will keep in the freezer for up to 6 months.
To reheat, remove the lid and heat in the microwave or on the stovetop. Stir frequently while reheating.
The sandwiches are best made and served fresh.

Nutrition

Calories: 760kcal | Carbohydrates: 82g | Protein: 41g | Fat: 29g | Saturated Fat: 15g | Cholesterol: 278mg | Sodium: 1466mg | Potassium: 491mg | Fiber: 3g | Sugar: 9g | Vitamin A: 943IU | Vitamin C: 1mg | Calcium: 370mg | Iron: 6mg
Servings: 4 servings
Calories: 760kcal
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    References

    Recipe from The Breakfast Bible (affiliate link) by Kate McMillan for Williams Sonoma.

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